Free AIOU Solved Assignment Code 5411 Spring 2024

Free AIOU Solved Assignment Code 5411 Spring 2024

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Course: Compulsory English-II (5411)
Semester: Spring, 2024
ASSIGNMENT No. 1

Q.1   Read pages 1-14 carefully (the content is related to ‘academic writing’
various types of ‘essays’) and briefly answer the following questions (in your own words).                   

  1. How would you tell the difference between formal and informal writing? Give examples in the support of your answer.
BASIS FOR COMPARISON FORMAL WRITING INFORMAL WRITING
Meaning A formal writing style is one which is used for business, legal or professional purposes. An informal writing style is used when we are writing for some personal or casual reason.
Sentences Long and Complex Sentences Short and Simple Sentences
Language Formulaic Direct
Voice Passive Voice Active Voice
Interjections Not used Used
Personal pronoun Third person First and second person
Tone Professional and official Personal and friendly

Free AIOU Solved Assignment Code 5411 Spring 2024

  1. Define ‘expository’ writing. How it is different than other types of essays?

Effectively writing different types of essays has become critical to academic success. Essay writing is a common school assignment, a part of standardized tests, and a requirement on college applications. Often on tests, choosing the correct type of essay to write in response to a writing prompt is key to getting the question right. Clearly, students can’t afford to remain confused about types of essays. The expository essay is an informative piece of writing that presents a balanced analysis of a topic. In an expository essay, the writer explains or defines a topic, using facts, statistics, and examples. Expository writing encompasses a wide range of essay variations, such as the comparison and contrast essay, the cause and effect essay, and the “how to” or process essay. Because expository essays are based on facts and not personal feelings, writers don’t reveal their emotions or write in the first person. In a narrative essay, the writer tells a story about a real-life experience. While telling a story may sound easy to do, the narrative essay challenges students to think and write about themselves. When writing a narrative essay, writers should try to involve the reader by making the story as vivid as possible. The fact that narrative essays are usually written in the first person helps engage the reader. “I” sentences give readers a feeling of being part of the story. A well-crafted narrative essay will also build towards drawing a conclusion or making a personal statement. A cousin of the narrative essay, a descriptive essay paints a picture with words. A writer might describe a person, place, object, or even memory of special significance. However, this type of essay is not description for description’s sake. The descriptive essay strives to communicate a deeper meaning through the description. In a descriptive essay, the writer should show, not tell, through the use of colorful words and sensory details. The best descriptive essays appeal to the reader’s emotions, with a result that is highly evocative. While like an expository essay in its presentation of facts, the goal of the persuasive essay is to convince the reader to accept the writer’s point of view or recommendation. The writer must build a case using facts and logic, as well as examples, expert opinion, and sound reasoning. The writer should present all sides of the argument, but must be able to communicate clearly and without equivocation why a certain position is correct.

AIOU Solved Assignment Code 5411 Spring 2024

Q.2   Read pages 25-30 carefully (the content is about various parts of an academic essay) and write a descriptive essay (of about 150 words) on ‘A Visit to Sunday Market’.

Shopping has a pleasure of its own. The modern man is always busy in buying and selling. A market is, therefore, always very busy, overcrowded and interesting. I visit the Sunday market is, therefore, always very busy, overcrowded and interesting. I visit the market almost every day to cater to the various needs of the household. In the Sunday market, there is a lot of hustle and bustle. People, rich or poor, young or old, come to make purchases. The Sunday market presents a miniature image of the whole city. On one side of the market, there are fruit and vegetable shops; on the other side people deal in clothes, utensils, crockery, toys, sweets, cutlery, stationery, etc.  There are also refreshment stalls where people have either cold drinks or cups, of hot tea. People move about to and fro. They haggle and haggle with the shopkeepers to charge reasonable prices. Customers are afraid of pick-pockets. Some persons sell articles on the footpaths, while others in the wooden stalls. A market satisfies the needs of the customers. Ladies can be seen more in number than men because shopping is basically a feminine occupation. Beggars are a painful sight in a Sunday market. On the whole, a Sunday market scene is worth seeing. It provides a glimpse of the people from different backgrounds.                                                              

AIOU Solved Assignment 1 Code 5411 Spring 2024

Q.3   Read pages 31-34 carefully (the content is about formal and informal styles of writing) and decide what types of writing style (formal/informal) is used in the following text and how?

It is a historic moment for the institution and for its administration as this international event is going to be held for the first time in the history. Now the national anthem of the country is going to be presented. You are all requested to please stand up in the honour the national anthem.

This is formal writing style because formal writing is fine for national issues, problem and solution, discussing  any matter, discussed whole day story of person, and most important is fine for formal meeting and dialogues and in this content, management of school discussed the honors of national anthem of any country so, it is formal writing style.

AIOU Solved Assignment 2 Code 5411 Spring 2024

Q.4   Read Unit 2 which is on ‘sequence’ or ‘chronological order’ (pages 39-72). Sequence is a writing technique that writers use to present information in a step by step manner or in a process or in a sequence (of story, for example).

Now LINK (connect) the sentences (given in the following text) by using appropriate SEQUENCE MARKERS (such as first, secondly, subsequently, then, after, finally, before, at last etc.). You are required to use at least TEN sequence markers in your answer.                                            

Let us _____________ define who a Prime Minister (PM) is. A PM is the chief executive of a country. _____________ in a country like Pakistan, _____________ becoming the PM of the country, ________________________ one needs to become the leader of a political party. ___________________, as a matter of fact, that party must also have a simple majority of seats in the national assembly and _____________ one must also win a national assembly seat _______________. And, ________________, having won the national assembly seat and having a majority in the house, __________________ one must also be in a position to take the vote of confidence __________________ calling oneself the PM of the country.

Ans:

Let us first define who a Prime Minister (PM) is. A PM is the chief executive of a country. Secondly in a country like Pakistan, then becoming the PM of the country, then finally needs to become the leader of a political party. After, as a matter of fact, that party must also have a simple majority of seats in the national assembly, and after one must also win a national assembly seat at last. And, subsequently, having won the national assembly seat and having a majority in the house, finally one must also be in a position to take the vote of confidence secondly calling oneself the PM of the country.

AIOU Solved Assignment Code 5411 Autumn 2024

Q.5   Read the text title as ‘A Day in the Life of a Nurse’ one page 56-57 carefully. Also read Exercise-9 given on page 58. Now write down a PARAGRAPH of about 150 words on ‘A Day in the Life of a Police Officer’. Follow the use of SEQUENCE MARKERS in your answer.

Every shift will start with a briefing from our Sergeant, this is where we gather new information and refresh our knowledge of those currently wanted and incidents of note. Quite often briefing will still be ongoing when we are sent to our first job of the day. I primarily respond to 15 calls and all other incidents reported via 15. On most days you never know what that day will entail, who you will meet, whose life you may change and what time you will finish. Some days are better than others, but every day is different. My main role as a response officer is to protect people from harm whether that be searching for missing persons, attending domestic incidents, those suffering with mental health or dealing with anti-social behavior the list is endless, and there will always be something new to deal with. I was fortunate to secure an attachment with the Central Proactive Team, where I worked alongside other Proactive Officer’s, tackling knife and drug related crime. This is something I wish to do in the future, I am also aspiring to join Firearms in the future.

AIOU Solved Assignment 1 Code 5411 Autumn 2024

Q.6   Read the text titled as ‘Planting a Tree: A Step by Step Guide’ on pages 60-61 carefully. Now draw a flow chart for ‘Depositing Cash with a Bank’ write a paragraph on it by using appropriate SEQUENCE MARKERS.

 

At sharp 9 AM, I Enter in Bank and say greeting to all. Then I pick the cash deposit form and fill it. I go to an accountant and place my payment and cash deposit form. The Accountant pick it up. Finally, he calculated cash and sign my deposit form and give me a return carbon copy of the deposit slip. I say goodbye to all and leave bank.

AIOU Solved Assignment 2 Code 5411 Autumn 2024

Q.7   Read Unit 3 on ‘classification’ and, particularly the text titled as ‘Pollution’ on Pages 89-91. Now, complete the following tasks briefly:                                                             

  1. Define ‘environmental pollution’.

Pollution, also called environmental pollution, the addition of any substance (solidliquid, or gas) or any form of energy (such as heat, sound, or radioactivity) to the environment at a rate faster than it can be dispersed, diluted, decomposed, recycled, or stored in some harmless form. The major kinds of pollution, usually classified by environment, are air pollutionwater pollution, and land pollution. Modern society is also concerned about specific types of pollutants, such as noise pollutionlight pollution, and plastic pollution. Pollution of all kinds can have negative effects on the environment and wildlife and often impacts human health and well-being.

  1. Create a diagram illustrating various types of ‘environmental pollution’.
  2. Explain what causes environmental pollution?

Air pollution is the main cause of climate change. Human activities such as burning fossil fuels and mass deforestation lead to the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which traps heat inside the atmosphere through a process called the greenhouse effect. This impacts climate patterns and sea levels around the world. The presence of environmental pollution raises the issue of pollution control. Great efforts are made to limit the release of harmful substances into the environment through air pollution controlwastewater treatmentsolid-waste managementhazardous-waste management, and recycling. Unfortunately, attempts at pollution control are often surpassed by the scale of the problem, especially in less-developed countries. Noxious levels of air pollution are common in many large cities, where particulates and gases from transportation, heating, and manufacturing accumulate and linger. The problem of plastic pollution on land and in the oceans has only grown as the use of single-use plastics has burgeoned worldwide. In addition, greenhouse gas emissions, such as methane and carbon dioxide, continue to drive global warming and pose a great threat to biodiversity and public health.

Free AIOU Solved Assignment Code 5411 Autumn 2024

Q.8   Read the text titled as ‘Types of Teachers’ on pages 96-98 carefully and answer the following questions briefly:     

  1. What are the characteristics of your ‘ideal’ teacher?

An ideal teacher is like a role-model in the life of every student whom he loves to follow blindly. A good teacher helps students almost in every walks of life to achieve their goals. He is one whom a student fondly remembers even after he leaves the institute. Even in our ancient literature, the role of teacher has been described as more than God in the life of a teacher. However, not every teacher can be called an ideal teacher. He needs some special qualities to achieve this level. In order to be an ideal teacher one must have:

Passion for Teaching

A good teacher should be passionate about teaching. He should understand the psychology of the students and should try to mould even an inattentive student into an attentive one. They should be eager to influence students’ lives and leave a long lasting impact.

Love for Students

He should love working with students and treat them as his own children. He should be impartial and teach every student without any bias. He should be attentive to one and all and try to bring out the best out of them.

A Magnetic Personality

The personality of an ideal teacher should be such that can easily draw the attention of every student towards him. He should create such an impact that every student would love to attend his class.

Strong Rapport with Students

He should develop a strong rapport with every student and create such a bond of love and affection that every student would trust him and think him to be their real well-wisher.

Effective Discipline Skills

A good teacher should know how to maintain proper discipline in the class without reprimanding the students. He should be able to create a positive atmosphere of learning and teaching in the classroom.

Good Classroom Management Skills

An ideal teacher should possess good classroom management skills. He should have a fair knowledge of students’ psychology. It would help him manage his class more effectively and grow better learning habits amongst the students.

Teaching Style

He should have a lucid style of teaching so that the students should never feel bored. He should encourage the students to ask questions related to the topic to clear their doubts, if any.

Strong Command over Subject Matter

This is one of the aspects where a good teacher never compromises. An ideal teacher should possess a strong command over his subject. He should always keep himself updated with the latest development in the fields of education and increase his knowledge based upon the latest trends. It would help him to answer every question of the students and, in turn, make the subject interesting for them.

Clear Objectives for Every Lesson

A great teacher should always have a clear objective in mind about the lesson he is about to teach in the class and ensures that the objective is met at the end of the period.

Good Communication Skills

A great teacher should have good communication skills. He should have regular interactions with parents/guardians of the students and should keep them informed about the progress of the students on different issues. He should also inform them if ever he notices any drawbacks or weaknesses in any of them and suggest correctional measures.

  1. How would you define your ‘ideal’ teacher?

A teacher plays a pivotal role in the process of education. Theoretically, no teacher will ever become totally ideal. Becoming totally ideal would mean that the teacher has achieved such a level of perfection that she or he no longer requires further effort toward improvement and, consequently, growth would be checked. An ideal teacher usually possesses these characteristics: he has unassailable command on his subjects. He knows fully the contents of the subjects which he has to teach. Truly exceptional teachers are scholars and are constantly reading and upgrading themselves in their subject. The tone of expression of the ideal teacher is not gruff, irksome and morose but is pleasant.

AIOU Solved Assignment Code 5411

Q.9      Read about ‘Cause and Effect’ (as given on pages 107-112) carefully and complete the exercises (given on pages 112-146) in the unit.

            Now write down an ESSAY of about 250 words on the causes and effect of ‘the Population Explosion’. Follow the use of Cause and Effect relationship in your essay. You can discuss ONE effect of multiple causes and reasons and vice versa (multiple effects of ONE reason).     

Overpopulation will place great demands on resources and land, leading to widespread environmental issues in addition to impacting global economies and standards of living. The issue is compounded by the difficulty in providing solutions for this problem and misunderstanding of the causes and effects of overpopulation. Here we will cover both causes and effects of overpopulation in order for you to have a more informed view of the risks that come with it.

The Causes

There are a number of factors that contribute to overpopulation. These are the leading causes:

Poverty

Poverty is believed to be the leading cause of overpopulation. A lack of educational resources, coupled with high death rates leading to higher birth rates, result in impoverished areas seeing large booms in population.

The effect is so extensive that the UN has predicted that the forty-eight poorest countries in the world are also likely to be the biggest contributors to population growth. Their estimates state that the combined population of these countries is likely to balloon to 1.7 billion in 2050, from 850 million in 2010.

Poor Contraceptive Use

Though the availability of contraceptives is widespread in developed countries, poor planning on both partners’ parts can lead to unexpected pregnancies. Statistics have shown that in Great Britain 76% of women aged between 16 and 49 used at least one form of contraceptive, leaving a quarter open to unexpected pregnancies.

This issue is exacerbated in underdeveloped areas. A study by the World Health Organization (WHO) shows that this usage figure drops to 43% in countries that are blighted by issues like poverty, which leads to higher birth rates.

Child Labor

As distressing as it may be to hear, child labor is still used extensively in many parts of the world. UNICEF estimates that approximately 150 million children are currently working, primarily in countries that have few child labor laws.

This can result in children being seen as a source of income by impoverished families. Furthermore, children who begin work too young also lose the educational opportunities they should be granted, particularly when it comes to birth control.

Reduced Mortality Rates

Improvement in medical technology has led to lower mortality rates for many serious diseases. Particularly dangerous viruses and ailments such as polio, smallpox and measles have been practically eradicated by such advances.

While this is positive news in many ways, it also means that people are living longer than ever before. This “delay” in the cycle of life and death has led to birth rates outstripping death rates by over two to one in modern times.

Fertility Treatment

Though it only plays a minor role in comparison to the other causes of overpopulation, improved fertility treatments have made it possible for more people to have children.

The number of women using various fertility treatments has been on the rise since their inception. Now most have the option of conceiving children, even if they may not have been able to do so without such treatments.

Immigration

Unchecked immigration into countries may lead to overpopulation to the point where those countries no longer have the required resources for their population. This is particularly problematic in countries where immigration numbers far exceed emigration numbers.

In some cases, immigrants may be attempting to escape overpopulation in their own countries, only to contribute to the same issues in the countries they move to. However, data also exists to show the immigration can bolster economies, with the effect in the UK being particularly pronounced.

The Effects

Overpopulation can have a number of effects, most of which are negative as examined below.

Lack of Water

Overpopulation creates greater demand on the world’s freshwater supplies. As only roughly 1% of the world’s water is fresh and accessible, this creates a major issue.

Some estimates state that human demand for fresh water will stand at approximately 70% of what is available on the planet by 2025. This will place those living in impoverished areas that already have limited access to such water at great risk.

Lower Life Expectancy

While higher life expectancy is leading to increases in population in developed countries, lower life expectancy may be caused by the booms in population that less developed nations are experiencing.

large proportion of the world’s population growth occurs in less developed countries. This stretches the resources these countries have thinner resulting in less access to medical care, fresh water, food and jobs, all resulting in a fall in life expectancy.

Extinction

The effect of overpopulation on the world’s wildlife is also a major issue. As demand for land grows, so too does the destruction of natural habitats, such as forests.

Some scientists warn that if present trends continue, as many as 50% of the world’s wildlife species will be at risk of extinction. Data has also been collected to show that there is a direct link between increases in human population and decreases in the number of species on the planet.

Resource Consumption

As the population grows, so too does the amount of resources needed to keep so many people alive. Food, water and fossil fuels are all being consumed at record rates, placing greater demands on producers and the planet itself.

Ironically, it is the discovery of many of these natural resources – particularly fossil fuels – that have contributed to conditions that are favorable to population growth. A study has shown that the world’s ecosystem changed more rapidly in the latter-half of the twentieth century than at any other point in history because of increased use of these resources.

Increased Intensive Farming

As population has grown over the years, farming practices have evolved to produce enough food to feed larger numbers of people. However, intensive farming methods also cause damage to local ecosystems and the land, which may pose problems in the future.

Furthermore, intensive farming is also considered a major contributor to climate change due to the machinery required. This effect will likely intensify if the population continues to grow at its current rate.

Faster Climate Change

Overpopulation directly correlates to climate change, particularly as larger nations, like China and India, continue to develop their industrial capacities. They now rank as two of the three largest contributors to emissions in the world, alongside the United States.

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